In the face of increasing environmental concerns, the construction industry is transforming sustainable and eco-friendly practices. The cities and communities heavily rely on reinforced concrete structures for various infrastructure projects due to their durability and strength. One promising avenue is the utilization of Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC), which minimizes the environmental impact by reducing the…
Pakistan is rich with a wealth of diverse mineral resources, including reserves of metals like copper, iron and gold and non-metallic reserves like marble and gypsum. These are essential resources for various industrial and technological advancements in the twenty-first century. According to recent estimates by geological survey of Pakistan a total value of over $6…
Understanding Biohydrogen Production Biohydrogen production refers to the generation of hydrogen gas through biological processes. This method is considered environmentally friendly compared to conventional hydrogen production methods that rely on fossil fuels. Among the various biological routes, dark fermentation and photo-fermentation are two key processes. Dark fermentation, typically performed by bacteria, produces hydrogen without the…
In the wake of global climate change, increasing temperatures and constant rise of environmental health related issue it has become important to regularly monitor and ascertain the changes to urban climate. Doing this at a more precise and regular intervals means even more. The growth of modern web, internet of things and database technologies which…
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of bridges is essential for ensuring their sustainability, reliability, and longevity. Bridges, as critical infrastructure, play a vital role in transportation. However, the impact of service loads and other stresses can cause damage, necessitating effective health monitoring and assessment. One of the types of health monitoring used in past was visual…
The Uphill Battle Imagine being a parent, torn between sending your child to school or having them earn a meager wage to put the food on the table. This dilemma is a stark reality for many Afghan refugees in Pakistan on daily basis, where 47% of the population is between 7-12 years old and 21%…
