Remotely Operated Vehicles ROVs have gained increased recognition for their accessibility and practicality in executing underwater tasks that would be challenging for human divers. Their compact design allows them to reach significant depths, proving valuable across various fields from scientific to industrial. In the present era, ROVs find application in multiple domains, including exploring the…
Cardiovascular diseases are a significant public health challenge in Pakistan, contributing substantially to the nation’s mortality rates. The need for timely and advanced cardiac care is more critical than ever. Traditional diagnostic methods, especially electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis, face numerous challenges regarding accessibility, efficiency, and accuracy. These methods often require specialized skills and labor-intensive processes, leading…
Pakistan Railways (PR), the only railroad sector organization of Pakistan aims to provide a competitive, safe, reliable, market oriented, efficient, and environment-friendly mode of passenger as well as freight transport. As of June 2022, the total track length of PR was 11,881 kilometers consisting of 445 Railway stations whereas rolling stock consisted of 466 locomotives,…
Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure communication method that implements a cryptographic protocol involving components of quantum mechanics. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which then can be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. QKD is a secure communication method for exchanging encryption keys only…
As the saying goes, “safety first,” applies to every work industry globally, especially in construction. The construction industry is one of the most hazardous industries globally, and Pakistan is no exception. Pakistan is the sixth most populous country in the world, with over 220 million people. Out of this population, a significant number work in…
On 25 July 2000, Air France Flight 4590 took off from Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport for New York but crashed shortly afterwards taking lives of all 109 passengers on board and 04 people on the ground. The incident may have faded away in history but the repercussions of it as well as the legal…
